1.what is internet?



That is a good question by which to begin but give a good definition about internet it isn’t a easy job,because internet includes too extensives concepts,so we can`t explain clearly in a pair of sentences.

1.1.Internet is a worlwide netword compound od millions kind od computer and platforms;they are connected between themselves, by differents communicatives means equipments.
The communicative means and equipments main function is localizate, to select and interchange information from the place where it´s until the other has it “solicited”? Oder “send”.
1.2.Internet is the “union” of tausands informatiques? Networks conected between themselves by a serious protocoles(TCP/IP), that the make posible to communicate or to use the big variaty of “services”.



PALOMARES PERRAUT; and GOMEZ CAMARERO “Fuentes de informacion en publicidad y comunicacion audiovisual”,Málaga,2001.

HAHN.H.,Internet: reference manual.Madrid,Ed.Mcgrew-hil,1998.

www.baquia.com (spanish on-line zeitschrift)

2.which are their characteristic?



-global: Internet has 8 millions “servant” und ist work moren than 90% the countries around the world.
In total there are 80 millions “users”.
-multidisciplinary:this users have a diferent profesion, nationality, religion, kultur,educative level....
-easy to use: the new computers and access programms make posible to “new users” to lern in a short time.
All the thecnic part about using “communicatives equipment”,protocol....remain hinden behind? A graphic screen, easy to use through a simple mouse.
-economical:that cost like a local calling call und that´s interesant because it´s the same preice to send or receive a sms from/to london,Sidney or Mexico.

what compose itsefl?

Eight years ago the answer was simple, it was composing by all the nets that use the IP protocol.
They cooperate to form a only one network to give services to their colectives users.
Nowadays there are connection without IP Protocol.This connections, so called “doors”, allow to use e-mail.
Additionally have they been arising new kind of connection, for example:.mobile phone=WAP tecnology: means (wireless applications protocol).

What can I do?(www.webmaster/franciscoarocena.com)

-send e-mails: ist also called “electronical post”.It conects people in all the world with a low cost as ist a local phone call.

-to get software of public dominium: like antivirus, manuals, clip arts,audio archives, plays, imagens, reportages...

-to enter in specialized data bases in order to obtain mail directions ot the author,reportages, articles in newspaper....

-“consultations of lybraries” about a subject, author or seeing on line a book.

-to read a news paper from diferent part around the world.

-to read magazines of every subject: political, economial,entertaiment,culture...

-to book on line (hotels, airport,restaurants...)

-advertising: to present worldwide a company, to sell our product throug(e-commerce), to obtain information about the user what visit us......

-to colaborate with people “on distance”.

-Multimedia: thanks to new graphical surroundings, the user can see in th screen articles with photos, animation and even audio!!

-virtual visits: to know a countries, see an exhibition, monument ....

3.what I need to surf?

A COMPUTER!! JA,ja ,ja...or a terminal connected to a host.



(Although at the present time many desposives like television sets, tephones with WAP tecnology...that allow other types of connection to internet.)
It must have a basical characteristic so the search od information by the network can denominate “truely navigation”.

These are the following(I speak about PC):
-processor pentium (necessary ram memory at least 32)
-mouse (not necessay but make easier the navigation).
-Hard disk : “medium size”
-A moden: ist a fundamental element to be able to establish connection to internet.



They are dispositives that realize the principal function to turn the sign of the computer (digital, composed to 0 and 1),in analogical, in order to be send by the telephonical lines and in stead og destination, ist converted again to digital format, so translated by the destination computer.

In the actuality, ist the most extended dispositives to connect to internet because they are relatively cheap (only 50 euros,maybe in Spain, I dont know in Austria).

4.what is it www?

Before to speak about WHAT A NAVEGATOR IS,we new to speak about what the 3w is.

WWW is an acronym of World Wide Web, sometimes written like W3. What WWW tries is to provide to the user simple surroundings, with which you can access to complex services as it can be consultations to a database server.(Martinez Mendez,Hipertext and worl wide web).

It can seem exaggerated but the Web it has changed in the form to move by Internet, since we have a “mouse” so with a simple clik we can travel from a point to another one of the network.

The invention of the Web arrived from the hands of Tim Berners-Lee of the North American company CERN, the European Laboratory for the Physics of the Particles, that defined as "a system able to jump from a site to another one of an automatic form, presenting a diversity of data that of another form would not be available".

He wanted that the resources were available for each investigator from their computer, in transparent and free form without difficulties.

This system offers hypertexts to you, so, emphasized words and images graticulated and differentiated from the rest, and its when pressing on, them with the button of the mouse,it will lead you to other texts, images... or even other Web.

5.HTTP PROTOCOL

We cannot speak of WWW without mentioning protocol HTTP.
Basically, a protocol is “ the form or the way, that is used to communicate certain elements between it”. Of a simple way we can say that it is the language in which they speak between it.
to the web-pages, this protocol is the HTTP.IT is acronym of Hypertext Transfer Protocol and that is the language that the servants of Web use.
Therefore we use the label "HTTP://.." in the bar of directions of the navigator when we introduce a direction Web.
At the present time, the navigators are able to support to other services like the FTP or the gopher.
The use of these labels before the direction Web that we are going to use, allows the navigator to identificate? the service that we used. But in the case of the directions Web label "HTTP://" it is not necessary,so it is a service by defect for the navigators.
This protocol of high level is thought for the future and makes posible to representate datas in form of images, sound, animations or videos.

6.WHAT IS A NAVIGATOR?

In order to be able to access to the World Wide Web is necessary to use a program client of this service. To these clients to them usually one denominates "browsers" or "navigators", because when we moving us through Web server to another one it is like we "surf" by the network.
The navigators have been fundamental for the population of Internet, mainly due to their facility to use by the non-expert users in computer science .In the other hand,it allows to capture many document of Internet, independently of their localitation and format.
Thanks to this it is not necessary to follow the complicated steps that required the knowledge of the UNIX system to be able to make, for example, the transference of a file by FTP.
The navigators offer a graphical interface that allows to surf simply using the mouse in a support multimedia, to be able to find the one that we wished.
Basically, the navigators are “visualizers of written document in HMTL language” , which can include text, graphs, sounds, links to other documents or Web servers AND SO ON.

WHICH ARE THE KNOWN NAVIGATORS MORE?

The navigators more known in the present time are the Netscape Navigator and Microsoft Internet Explorer.
The history of these two navigators has been always relationated to the constant confrontations between both companies.
Netscape firstly knew to see “the business possibilities” that could offer Internet and quickly, it was positioneted like the standard navigator of Internet, monopolizing most of the market.
However, MICROSOFT took more time in reacting, but little by little and using their important means and their priviligeted? position (total dominion of the market: domestic operating systems with the controverted Windows 95 and all derivatives), he got to be the leader, in the fight of the navigators or also called browsers..

NETSCAPE VERSUS MICROSOFT


The main problem between Microsoft and Netscape arises when Microsoft includes “Internet Explorer of series” in Windows 95 OSR2, an improved Windows 95 version, that corrected many failures of the original version.
Later the problem would be more serious, the invented Windows 98, Microsoft make that Internet Explorer was in addition to the navigator of Internet, the Explorer of archives of the System.
Having like consequence that it was too complicated to install Netscape Navigator in our system, and forcing the users of Windows to have the navigator of Microsoft in their systems, although they didn´t want it.
This caused “the wrath” in the leaders of Netscape whom demanded Microsoft by a supposed “crime of abuse of a monopoly situation”.
This has caused a series of judicial processes that have still not concluded,and that can bring with himself the division of Microsoft in two different companies. One of Operating systems and another one of Applications.

8. THECNOLOGICAL EVOLUTION.

About the technological aspect the evolution of both navigators has been very unequal.

While Internet Explorer has been evolving adapting to the new technologies like ActiveX, the Applet of the language Java or Javascript.

Netscape has been remained BEHIND. Also it is certain that the presumed monopoly by Microsoft has removed it great amount of clients and therefore possibilities of expansion and improvements facing the future.

In spite of these differences, at the moment anyone of the two get perfectly to give a good visualization of the home web pages. Both of they offer very similar benefits.
The Explorer has the advantage to exist version a Spanish version from always, in the case of Netscape only the last versions have it.

For the Navigator exists other visualizers , calls “plug-ins”, that allow us to see another kind of archives, can be very useful.

Other navigators exist, it´s called Mosaic, but it has been losing market in please these two. As curiosity we can say that Internet Explorer arose from the development of Mosaic.
Mosaic, was the first navigator of Internet. It had a great “Erfolg”.
Later Microsoft bought Mosaic, together with all the experience and knowgelege? of Mosaic and part of his clients.
IT was a good operation on the part of Microsoft, that with the time it has become to be the more used navigator.

CONCLUSIÓN


In the end, the election of the navigator can be shorted in a question of pleasures. All of them are very similar to each other and their characteristics are similar, because when one of them incorporates a significant new improvement, the others in the following version haven´t yet it.
In general the main advantages of the navigators are:
-Introduction by keyboard of a direction Web or URL to be able to access it.
-To record the page that we are visualizing in a file.
-To visualize recorded pages disc.
-To keep an directions book , so that it is not necessary to memorizar a direction Web.
-To be able to access to servants of other types as it can be FTP, Gopher...
-To print the page that we are seeing.
-To see an historial of localizations by which we have surfing before and we can go back.
In spite of all this, it can exist differences, mainly at the time of visualizing the pages